SnapRhythm

Violin Tuning Guide

G-D-A-E tuning in fifths with frequency reference

Last Updated: 2026-04-17Reading Time: 4 min

Violin Standard Tuning (G-D-A-E)

Violin has 4 strings tuned in perfect fifths. From the thickest: G, D, A, E. The A string (A4 = 440Hz) is the reference — other strings are fifths above or below.

A4 = 440Hz is the orchestra standard. Some orchestras use 441-443Hz for a brighter tone, while baroque performances sometimes use 415Hz.

String Notes and Frequencies

Notes and frequencies for violin standard tuning based on A4 = 440Hz.

StringNoteFrequencyOctave
1E5659.26 Hz5
2A4440.00 Hz4
3D4293.66 Hz4
4G3196.00 Hz3

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How to Tune Your Violin

Violin string tension is sensitive — adjust carefully.

1. Open the online tuner

Select 'Violin' in the SnapRhythm tuner. The reference pitch defaults to 440Hz.

2. Start with the A string

A (A4 = 440Hz) is the reference. Tune A first, then the other strings by perfect fifths.

3. Pegs vs. fine tuners

Use pegs for large adjustments and fine tuners on the tailpiece for small ones. Beginners should start with fine tuners.

4. Use long, smooth bow strokes

Bow-produced tones are more stable than pizzicato. Use long, smooth strokes for accurate detection.

FAQ

Why is violin tuned in fifths?
Fifth intervals let players move naturally between strings. Viola and cello use the same fifth-based tuning. Adjacent string notes harmonize well, making chords easier.
Are there other reference pitches besides 440Hz?
Yes. Orchestras may use 441-443Hz, baroque music often 415Hz, jazz typically 440Hz. Match your reference to the ensemble.
My pegs keep slipping. What do I do?
Apply peg dope or use a light dusting of rosin to grip. If pegs stick, use peg compound to lubricate. Severe cases need a luthier's attention.
Do I need fine tuners on every string?
Required on E, optional on others. Beginners benefit from fine tuners on all four strings. Advanced players often prefer pegs for all but E.
How long until tuning stabilizes?
New strings drop in pitch for 2-7 days. Re-check tuning daily and after each session. Stabilizes within a few weeks.

Tune your violin now

Switch the online tuner to violin mode and start tuning right away.

Open Violin Tuner

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